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新概念课本 笔记整理

优贝教育 发表于 2012-10-22 13:49 |发短消息 |显示全部帖子

Lesson One

private

adj.私人的,私有的
private letter, private company, private school,
与此相反, 公立学校是public school.所以, private的反义词是public.
(public
公众; public letter 公开信; public place 公共场所)

adj.普通的
private citizen
普通公民:
I’m a private citizen.

n.列兵,二等兵,the lowest rank in the army: 《拯救大兵瑞恩》《Private Ryan

同根词扩展

privacy n.隐私 : It’s privacy.这是我的隐私!

privatize vt. 使私有化, privatize the railway lines

privately adv.

习惯用语:
in private:
I've got to talk to you in private.
我得私下和你谈谈。

conversation
n.
谈话

conversation 用于正式文体中, 如:We had a long telephone conversation.

talk 用于较随便的场合, 如:I met Mrs. Janes at the shop and had a long talk with her.

chat 指“闲谈”、“聊天”、“侃”, 如:We need less chat and more work if we're to finish this job today.

dialogue 指“双方对话或戏剧的对白”, 如:The dialogue remained light and friendly.

discussion 指“讨论”、“商议”, 如:I had a long discussion with my friends about the matter.

gossip 嚼舌头, 说长道短, Dont listen to gossip.别听信流言蜚语。

have a + talk/chat/dialogue/conversation/gossip 动词变名词

同根词扩展

Converse v. 交谈、谈心(比talk 更正式)

The students converse with each other in English.

习惯用语:
have/hold a conversation with
...交谈
in conversation with (
)...谈话


theatre

go to the theatre去看戏

seat

n.座位  

have a good seat,这里的seatplace, 而不是chair.

take a seat/take your seat 坐下来, 就坐

下面这个句子在口语、电影里很常见 : Is the seat taken?(这个位置有人吗?) Sorry, this seat is taken.

v. 使…就坐 He seated the boy on the chair.他让那个男孩坐在椅子上。

be seated坐着,表示状态

作为动词的seatsit的区别

sit--vi; seat—vt

eg: He is sitting there.他住在那儿.
You seat him.
你给他找个位置.

seat oneself 让某人就坐

angry
adj.
生气的

cross=angry ;
I was angry.He was cross.

Be angry at/about sth

Be angry with sb

annoyed: 恼火的;

I was annoyed.

I was angry/cross.

I was very angry.

be blue in the face : I am blue in the face.(脸色都青了, 相当生气了)

attention

Pay attention to sb./sth

bear(bore,borne)

v. 容忍

bear=stand

I can't bear/stand you

endure :忍受,容忍

put up with :忍受

I got divorced(离婚).I could not put up with him

bear/stand/endure

忍受的极限在加大

put up with=bear=stand

n.
white bear;
bear hug :
热情(热烈)的拥抱

give sb a bear hug

business
n.
, 生意

business man :生意人; do business: 做生意, do business with sb.

Business is business.公事公办.

on business出差:I went to Tianjin on business.

It's my business (指私人的事, 自己处理的事)

it's none of your business

词辨:

thing
可以指事情,也可以指东西

matter一般指麻烦事,难题

affair事件,affairs一般指商业事务及政府事务

Lesson Two

until
prep.
直到

直到...; 直到...为止

I didn't get up until 12 o'clock.

outside
adv.
外面

He is waiting for me outside.

It is cold outside.

ring(rang.rung)
v.(
铃、电话等) (刺耳的)


[
这种响是刺耳的, 往往是提醒人做某事

The telephone(door bell) is ringing.

而风铃等响要用jingle

jingle(bell): (铃儿) 响叮当

给某人打电话 : ring sb.

Tomorrow I'll ring you.

打电话() : give sb. a ring

戒指(名词) n

aunt n.,,,舅妈(所有大一辈的女性都用这个称呼)

与此相同, 男性则是uncle: 叔叔  

他们的孩子 : cousin : 堂兄妹(不分男女)

cousin的孩子 : nephew : 外甥, niece : 外甥女

Lesson Three

send
v.
,

寄信 : send a letter

用法 : send sth to sb/send sb sth

类似的用法还有give,take,pass,read,sell...

send/take children to school

区别 : take : 强调某人亲自送; take flowers to his wife 自己送

send则是通过第三人去送, 如美国的校车 send flowers to his wife 叫店里的人送

postcard
n.
明信片


[
注意]/t//k/前者失去爆破音

send him a card

简写为card, 由此引申出 :

namecard/visiting card : 名片

Here is my namecard.(口语常用, 同时伴随着递出的动作)

ID card:身份证; ID : 身分, 身份 (identification, identity)

credit card:信用卡

cash card 现金卡, 储蓄卡, 工资卡(不能透支的那种)

spoil(spoiled or spoilt) v. 使索然无味, 损坏(重点词)

几种破坏 :

break: 打破; break the windows 打破玻璃

damage: 破坏, 程度不一定很重

destroy : 破坏, 彻底摧毁

以上三个是指物理上的破坏, spoil主要指精神上

spoil: 把东西的质量变得不好; 生活中不顺心的事;宠坏, 溺爱

1、宠坏 His parents spoiled the boy.

2、毁了某人心情.

This spoiled my day.

What you said spoiled me.

His arrival spoiled my hoilday.

museum
n.
博物馆

Palace Museum:故宫

public
adj.
公共的

这个词我们在第一课见过了, 基本用法和private一起记. 下面再说两点 :

public house简称pub : 酒吧 ; public place 公共场所

in public:公开的; in private:私下里的(介词短语在英语中往往充当状语)

Let’s have a conversation in private.让我们私下谈谈?

Why not have a conversation in public? 为什么不公开谈呢?(当面说呢?)

friendly
adj.
友好的

虽以-ly结尾,却是形容词, 同样的还有lovely adj.

friendly单独用, 形容词, 一般做定语来用

作为状语表示这个人做什么事情很友好, 用短语in a friendly way

waiter
n.
服务员, 招待员

waiter(男服务员), waitress(女服务员), 只出现在餐馆里

领班 : chief waiter

商店里的店员 : shop assistant

其他公共场所的服务员:attendant

lend
v.
借给 lend to / lend sth.to sb/ lend sb.sth.

借进 : borrow: borrow from; borrow不能用 borrow sb sth.

decision
n.
决定

v. decide

make a big/great dicision (重大/伟大, 更重大)

whole
adj.
整个的

all the... : all the day (the可省略)

the whole.. : the whole day.

all of后面如果加代词, 代词前面不需要修饰词

一旦要加名词, 前面一定要加the

all of us;all of the students

single
adj.
唯一的, 单一的

反义词 : double 双倍的

Lesson Four

exciting
adj.
令人兴奋的

excited:

-ed: 自己感到 / -ing:令人感到

exciting boy 令人兴奋的男孩

interesting man

The man is interesting.

The news exciting, I am excited

这类动词的宾语一定是人

The news excited me.

让后面的人感到...

interesting:令人感到有趣的

interested: 感到有意思的

The book interests me.那本事让我感到很有趣

receive
v.
接受, 收到

accept : 同意接收

receive:客观的收到

This morning I received a bunch of flowers from a boy,but I didn't accept it.

take 也可以作收到 take the exam : 接收考试;
take advice
接收建议

receive/have

receive/have a letter from somebody.

firm
n.
商行, 公司

company

abroad
adv.
在国外

副词, 直接和动词连用

go aroad 去国外

live abroad 国外定居

study abroad 国外学习

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