Lesson One
★private
adj.私人的,私有的
private letter, private company, private school, 与此相反, 公立学校是public school.所以, private的反义词是public.
(public 公众; public letter 公开信; public place 公共场所)
adj.普通的
private citizen 普通公民:
I’m a private citizen.
n.列兵,二等兵,the lowest rank in the army: 《拯救大兵瑞恩》《Private Ryan》
同根词扩展
privacy n.隐私 : It’s privacy.这是我的隐私!
privatize vt. 使私有化, privatize the railway lines
privately adv.
习惯用语:
in private:
I've got to talk to you in private. 我得私下和你谈谈。
★conversation
n.谈话
conversation 用于正式文体中, 如:We had a long telephone conversation.
talk 用于较随便的场合, 如:I met Mrs. Janes at the shop and had a long talk with her.
chat 指“闲谈”、“聊天”、“侃”, 如:We need less chat and more work if we're to finish this job today.
dialogue 指“双方对话或戏剧的对白”, 如:The dialogue remained light and friendly.
discussion 指“讨论”、“商议”, 如:I had a long discussion with my friends about the matter.
gossip 嚼舌头, 说长道短, Don’t listen to gossip.别听信流言蜚语。
have a + talk/chat/dialogue/conversation/gossip 动词变名词
同根词扩展
Converse v. 交谈、谈心(比talk 更正式)
The students converse with each other in English.
习惯用语:
have/hold a conversation with 和...交谈
in conversation with (在)和...谈话
★
theatre
go to the theatre去看戏
★seat
n.座位
have a good seat,这里的seat指place, 而不是chair.
take a seat/take your seat 坐下来, 就坐
下面这个句子在口语、电影里很常见 : Is the seat taken?(这个位置有人吗?) Sorry, this seat is taken.
v. 使…就坐 He seated the boy on the chair.他让那个男孩坐在椅子上。
be seated坐着,表示状态
作为动词的seat与sit的区别
sit--vi; seat—vt
eg: He is sitting there.他住在那儿.
You seat him.你给他找个位置.
seat oneself 让某人就坐
★angry
adj. 生气的
cross=angry ;
I was angry.He was cross.
Be angry at/about sth
Be angry with sb
annoyed: 恼火的;
程 I was annoyed.
度 I was angry/cross.
加 I was very angry.
深 be blue in the face : I am blue in the face.(脸色都青了, 相当生气了)
★attention
Pay attention to sb./sth
★bear(bore,borne)
v. 容忍
bear=stand
I can't bear/stand you
endure :忍受,容忍
put up with :忍受
I got divorced(离婚).I could not put up with him
bear/stand/endure
忍受的极限在加大
put up with=bear=stand
n.熊
white bear;
bear hug :热情(热烈)的拥抱
give sb a bear hug
★business
n. 事, 生意
business man :生意人; do business: 做生意, do business with sb.
Business is business.公事公办.
on business出差:I went to Tianjin on business.
It's my business (指私人的事, 自己处理的事)
it's none of your business
词辨:
thing
可以指事情,也可以指东西
matter一般指麻烦事,难题
affair事件,affairs一般指商业事务及政府事务
Lesson Two
★until
prep.直到
直到...才; 直到...为止
I didn't get up until 12 o'clock.
★outside
adv. 外面
He is waiting for me outside.
It is cold outside.
★ring(rang.rung)
v.(铃、电话等)响 (刺耳的)
[注这种响是刺耳的, 往往是提醒人做某事
The telephone(door bell) is ringing.
而风铃等响要用jingle
jingle(bell): (铃儿) 响叮当
给某人打电话 : ring sb.
Tomorrow I'll ring you.
打电话(名) : give sb. a ring
戒指(名词) n
★aunt n.姑,姨,婶,舅妈(所有大一辈的女性都用这个称呼)
与此相同, 男性则是uncle: 叔叔
他们的孩子 : cousin : 堂兄妹(不分男女)
cousin的孩子 : nephew : 外甥, niece : 外甥女
Lesson Three
★send
v. 寄, 送
寄信 : send a letter
用法 : send sth to sb/send sb sth
类似的用法还有give,take,pass,read,sell...
send/take children to school
区别 : take : 强调某人亲自送; take flowers to his wife 自己送
send则是通过第三人去送, 如美国的校车 send flowers to his wife 叫店里的人送
★postcard
n. 明信片
[注意]/t/和/k/前者失去爆破音
send him a card
简写为card, 由此引申出 :
namecard/visiting card : 名片
Here is my namecard.(口语常用, 同时伴随着递出的动作)
ID card:身份证; ID : 身分, 身份 (identification, identity)
credit card:信用卡
cash card 现金卡, 储蓄卡, 工资卡(不能透支的那种)
★spoil(spoiled or spoilt) v. 使索然无味, 损坏(重点词)
几种破坏 :
break: 打破; break the windows 打破玻璃
damage: 破坏, 程度不一定很重
destroy : 破坏, 彻底摧毁
以上三个是指物理上的破坏, 而spoil主要指精神上
spoil: 把东西的质量变得不好; 生活中不顺心的事;宠坏, 溺爱
1、宠坏 His parents spoiled the boy.
2、毁了某人心情.
This spoiled my day.
What you said spoiled me.
His arrival spoiled my hoilday.
★museum
n. 博物馆
Palace Museum:故宫
★public
adj. 公共的
这个词我们在第一课见过了, 基本用法和private一起记. 下面再说两点 :
public house简称pub : 酒吧 ; public place 公共场所
in public:公开的; in private:私下里的(介词短语在英语中往往充当状语)
Let’s have a conversation in private.让我们私下谈谈?
Why not have a conversation in public? 为什么不公开谈呢?(当面说呢?)
★friendly
adj. 友好的
虽以-ly结尾,却是形容词, 同样的还有lovely adj.
friendly单独用, 形容词, 一般做定语来用
作为状语表示这个人做什么事情很友好, 用短语in a friendly way
waiter
n. 服务员, 招待员
waiter(男服务员), waitress(女服务员), 只出现在餐馆里
领班 : chief waiter
商店里的店员 : shop assistant
其他公共场所的服务员:attendant
★lend
v. 借给 lend to / lend sth.to sb/ lend sb.sth.
借进 : borrow: borrow from; 但borrow不能用 borrow sb sth.
★decision
n. 决定
v. decide
make a big/great dicision (重大/伟大, 更重大)
★whole
adj. 整个的
all the... : all the day (the可省略)
the whole.. : the whole day.
all of后面如果加代词, 代词前面不需要修饰词
一旦要加名词, 前面一定要加the
all of us;all of the students
★single
adj. 唯一的, 单一的
反义词 : double 双倍的
Lesson Four
★exciting
adj. 令人兴奋的
excited:
-ed: 自己感到 / -ing:令人感到
exciting boy 令人兴奋的男孩
interesting man
The man is interesting.
The news exciting, I am excited
这类动词的宾语一定是人
The news excited me.
让后面的人感到...
interesting:令人感到有趣的
interested: 感到有意思的
The book interests me.那本事让我感到很有趣
★receive
v. 接受, 收到
accept : 同意接收
receive:客观的收到
This morning I received a bunch of flowers from a boy,but I didn't accept it.
take 也可以作收到 take the exam : 接收考试;
take advice接收建议
receive/have
receive/have a letter from somebody.
★firm
n. 商行, 公司
company
★abroad
adv. 在国外
副词, 直接和动词连用
go aroad 去国外
live abroad 国外定居
study abroad 国外学习
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